• CSCD核心中文核心科技核心
  • RCCSE(A+)公路运输高质量期刊T1
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隧道建设(中英文) ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10): 1919-1925.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.10.010

• 地质与勘察 • 上一篇    下一篇

高地应力判识及划分标准探讨

郭利民1, 2, 李国良1, 2, 祁占锋1, 2, 李方芳1, 2, 张景1, 2   

  1. (1. 极端环境岩土和隧道工程智能建养全国重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710043;2. 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司, 陕西 西安 710043)
  • 出版日期:2025-10-20 发布日期:2025-10-20
  • 作者简介:郭利民(1993—),男,甘肃会宁人,2017年毕业于清华大学,水利水电工程专业,硕士,高级工程师,现从事山岭隧道设计及科研工作。 E-mail: guolimin13@foxmail.com。

Discussion on Identification and Classification Standards of High Geostress

GUO Limin1, 2, LI Guoliang1, 2, QI Zhanfeng1, 2, LI Fangfang1, 2, ZHANG Jing1, 2   

  1. (1. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geotechnics and Tunnelling, Xi′an 710043, Shaanxi, China; 2. China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., Xi′an 710043, Shaanxi, China)
  • Online:2025-10-20 Published:2025-10-20

摘要: 针对现行高地应力判据在软质围岩大变形及岩体强度在15~60 MPa区段适用性不足的问题,通过现场测试、案例调研、理论分析与有限元模拟相结合的方法,探讨适用于全岩体强度范围的高地应力判识准则。主要结论有: 1)高地应力隧道灾变模式与岩体力学特性密切相关,岩体强度在15~60 MPa区段主要表现为松弛破碎与变形侵限; 2)基于能量原理,提出岩体破碎过程中能量转化的非线性特征,即破碎耗散能随岩体强度及脆-韧性呈先升后降趋势,并据此提出最优岩体强度与最优脆性指数假设; 3)基于岩体强度应力比,建立全岩体强度范围的高地应力判据,划分不同岩体强度范围的高地应力灾变类别,为不同地质条件下隧道工程灾害防控提供理论依据。

关键词: 隧道, 高地应力判识, 围岩大变形, 松弛破碎, 最优脆性指数, 强度应力比

Abstract: In response to the limited applicability of the currently accepted high-geostress criterion in soft surrounding rocks prone to large deformations and within a rock mass strength range of 15-60 MPa, the authors integrate in-situ testing, case history investigations, theoretical analyses, and finite-element modeling to develop an improved criterion applicable across the entire rock mass strength spectrum. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The failure pattern of high-geostress tunnels is strongly controlled by the mechanical properties of the associated rock mass; within the 15-60 MPa strength range, relaxation-induced fracturing and excessive convergence predominate. (2) Based on energy principles, nonlinear energy conversion accompanying rock mass fracturing is revealed: energy dissipation during fragmentation initially increases and subsequently decreases with increasing rock mass strength and brittle-ductile transition index. This finding suggests an optimal rock mass strength and brittleness index. (3) A novel high-geostress criterion is proposed that is valid for all rock mass strengths, thereby providing a theoretical basis for hazard prevention and control in tunnel engineering under diverse geological conditions. These findings effectively overcome the limitations of existing criteria and provide clear engineering guidance.

Key words: tunnel, high-geostress identification, large deformation of surrounding rock, loose and broken rocks, optimal brittleness index, strength-stress ratio