关键词: 盾构, 刀具失效, 刀具材料, 磨损检测, 适应性设计

Abstract:

Contraposing the deficient researches in the cutting tool of shield machine, this paper offers a general introduction to the technology and development of shield cutters from the aspects of cutter classification, geological adaptability, cutting performance and so on. Moreover, a brood of newly inventions such as gradientstructured cutter ring, cutter hob, disc cutter with a pressurized inner cavity are also introduced in terms of their structures, materials, manufacturing techniques and wear detection. The introduction also includes some new types of super materials such as cementedcarbide cutter rings, coarse grained cemented carbide, antiwearing surfacing materials and etc. The manufacturing techniques of cutters are also analyzed from the aspects of smelting, forging, isothermal spheroidizing annealing, heating processing and so on. Based on the statistics of failures of cutters, by a thorough analysis of the affecting factors such as quality stability, site management, loading process and so on, this paper introduces the current situation of cutter wear detection technology and proposes the development trend of visualized detection of cutter wearing. Finally, it sums up the latest development of cutter technology and points out its developing trends, hoping to provide guides for the optimal design and site management of shield cutting tools.

Key words: shield, cutting tool failure, cutter material, wear detection, adaptability design