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隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (7): 1413-1425.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2026.07.003

• 研究与探索 • 上一篇    下一篇

压气储能恒压隧洞式储气库热力学模型

蒋中明1, 2， 杨雪1， 廖峻慧1， 张敬3， 张世殊3， 尹崇林3   

  1. （1. 长沙理工大学水利与海洋工程学院， 湖南 长沙 410114； 2. 水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室， 湖南 长沙 410114； 3. 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司， 四川 成都 610072）
  • 出版日期:2026-07-20 发布日期:2026-07-20
  • 作者简介:蒋中明(1969—)，男，重庆璧山人，2004年毕业于河海大学，岩土工程专业，博士，教授，现主要从事地下储气库建设理论与技术方面的研究工作。E-mail: zzmmjiang@163.com。

Thermodynamic Models of Isobaric Tunnel-Type Caverns for Compressed Air Energy Storage Caverns

JIANG Zhongming1, 2, YANG Xue1, LIAO Junhui1, ZHANG Jing3, ZHANG Shishu3, YIN Chonglin3   

  1. (1. School of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, Hunan, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, Hunan, China; 3. PowerChina Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China)
  • Online:2026-07-20 Published:2026-07-20

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摘要： 为探明静水压力补偿恒压隧洞式储气库的热力学状态演化规律，采用理论分析方法展开系统性的热力学过程研究，建立绝热、等温与对流换热3种热力学模型，用于描述储气库内空气状态的变化过程。推导绝热模型求解的解析表达式以及等温模型和对流换热模型的差分求解公式，给出圆形与城门洞形储气库换热面积的计算方法，并通过算例分析3种模型下储气库内的温度、体积、㶲值和质量变化过程。算例分析结果表明： 1）在充、放气过程中，恒压隧洞式储气库内压缩空气的平均温度变化幅度较小，其数值始终介于储气库内空气初始温度与充入气体温度之间。2）储气库内空气体积与㶲值均呈近似线性变化趋势；3种热力学模型中，等温模型计算得到的㶲值最大（2.23×106 MJ），绝热模型计算得到的〖㶲值最小（2.11×106 MJ），对流换热模型计算得到的㶲值介于两者之间（2.17×106 MJ）。3）等温模型计算得到的空气质量最多（6.47×106 kg），绝热模型计算得到的空气质量最少（6.11×106 kg），对流换热模型计算得到的空气质量介于两者之间（6.29×106 kg），3种模型条件下的空气质量大小与㶲值大小关系完全对应。

关键词: 压缩空气储能, 地下储气库, 静水压力补偿, 恒压隧洞式储气库, 热力学模型

Abstract: To investigate the evolution patterns of thermodynamic processes within a hydraulic-compensated isobaric tunnel-type compressed air energy storage (CAES) cavern, a systematic study is conducted via theoretical analysis. Three thermodynamic models, including the adiabatic, isothermal, and convective heat transfer models, accounting for the dynamic variation in the heat exchange area during CAES cavern operation across different cross sections are established to describe changes in the air state in gas storage. Analytical solutions are derived for the adiabatic model, and finite-difference formulations are established for the isothermal and convective heat transfer models. Formulas for calculating the heat transfer area are also provided for circular and gateshaped tunnel-type caverns. Finally, the temperature, pressure, exergy, and air mass variations for all three models are analyzed through a case study. The results demonstrate the following: (1) During charging and discharging, the average temperature of compressed air in the isobaric tunnel-type cavern fluctuates minimally, remaining between the initial cavern air temperature and injected air temperature. (2) The air volume and exergy within the cavern exhibit approximately linear variations. Among the three models, the isothermal model yields the highest exergy values (2.23×106 MJ), whereas the adiabatic model produces the lowest (2.11×106 MJ). The exergy values of the convective heat transfer model fall between these two extremes (2.17×106 MJ). (3) The isothermal model stores the greatest air mass (6.47×106 kg), the adiabatic model stores the least (6.11×106 kg), and the value of the convective heat transfer model lies between them (6.29×106 kg). The relationship between air mass and exergy exhibits the same trend across all three models.

Key words: compressed air energy storage, underground gas storage cavern, water pressure compensation, isobaric tunnel-type caverns, thermodynamic model

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