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隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (7): 1559-1575.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2026.07.016

• 规划与设计 • 上一篇    下一篇

隧道式储氢库注采过程局部热积聚效应及控制措施

胡波文1， 弭宪震1， *， 蔚立元1， 苏海健1， 李树忱2， 胡李华1， 石美霞2， 郭江峰1   

  1. (1. 中国矿业大学 深地工程智能建造与健康运维全国重点实验室， 江苏 徐州 221116； 2. 中国矿业大学力学与土木工程学院， 江苏 徐州 221116)
  • 出版日期:2026-07-20 发布日期:2026-07-20
  • 作者简介:胡波文（1994—），男，安徽阜阳人，2022年毕业于中国矿业大学，工程力学专业，博士，副教授，主要从事地下内衬硐库储氢方面的研究工作。E-mail: bwhu@cumt.edu.cn。*通信作者： 弭宪震， E-mail: mixz@cumt.edu.cn。

Reducing Temperature Nonuniformity During Injection-Production Processes in Tunnel-Type Hydrogen Storage Caverns

HU Bowen1, MI Xianzhen1, *, YU Liyuan1, SU Haijian1, LI Shuchen2, HU Lihua1, SHI Meixia2, GUO Jiangfeng1#br#   

  1. (1. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China; 2. School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China)
  • Online:2026-07-20 Published:2026-07-20

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摘要： 为阐明地下隧道式储氢库注采过程中的热力学行为，建立氢气非等温流动热力学模型，并验证其可靠性。分析储氢库运营期间热力学演化规律及局部热积聚效应，引入温度不均匀系数KT以定量评估储氢库温度分布的局部化程度。探讨注采孔数量、注氢时间及注氢温度对库内氢气温度场均匀性的影响，并提出相应的优化措施。结果表明： 1）在相同最高运行压力下，增加注采孔数量可有效降低储氢库温度分布不均匀性，四注采孔储氢库的温度不均匀系数为0.10，较单注采孔储氢库降低了70%。2）延长注氢时间有助于减弱储氢库内温度不均匀现象，这是由于注氢时间越短，氢气的注入速度越快，氢气注入后的涡流现象更明显，温度分布越不均匀。3）降低注氢温度虽会抑制储氢库最高温度，但会加剧温度分布局部化效应。当注氢温度为20 ℃时，储氢库平均温度为111.8 ℃，略高于注氢温度为0 ℃时储氢库的温度（100.9 ℃），但其温度不均匀系数较注氢温度为0 ℃的情形降低了26%。4）分析了温度不均匀性的工程风险，通过优化措施将KT降低至0.10以内，储氢库温度处于安全阈值附近，工程风险大大降低。

关键词: 地下储氢, 隧道式储氢库, 温度空间分布, 注采孔数量, 优化措施

Abstract: To clarify the thermodynamic behavior of underground tunnel-type hydrogen storage during injection and production, a thermodynamic model of hydrogen nonisothermal flow is established, and its reliability is verified. The thermodynamic evolution and local high-temperature phenomenon during the operation of hydrogen storage caverns are analyzed, and the temperature nonuniformity coefficient (KT) is introduced to quantitatively evaluate the degree of temperature localization. The effects of the number of injection-production holes and the hydrogen injection time and temperature on the uniformity of the hydrogen temperature field in the cavern are discussed. Moreover, corresponding optimization measures are proposed. The results demonstrate that under a fixed maximum operating pressure, increasing the number of injection-production holes in the cavern reduces KT. The KT of a cavern with four injection-production holes is 0.10, which is 70% lower than that of a cavern with a single hole. Furthermore, prolonging the hydrogen injection time reduces KT in the cavern. Shorter hydrogen injection times correspond to faster injection rates, resulting in enhanced eddy-current phenomenon after hydrogen injection, which increases the nonuniformity of the temperature distribution. Reducing the hydrogen injection temperature decreases the maximum temperature of the cavern, but aggravates the degree of temperature localization. For a hydrogen injection temperature of 20 °C, the average storage temperature is 111.8 ℃, which is slightly higher than the temperature of 100.9 ℃ obtained for a hydrogen injection temperature of 0 ℃, although KT is 26% lower than that obtained at 0 ℃. Finally, the engineering risk of temperature monuniformity is analyzed. Through process optimization, KT is reduced to <0.10, the cavern temperature is near the safety threshold, and the engineering risk is greatly reduced.

Key words: underground hydrogen storage, tunnel-type hydrogen storage cavern, spatial temperature distribution, number of injection-production holes, optimization measures

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