地铁隧道马头门既是隧道结构的薄弱环节，也是工程施工过程中结构受力转换的关键环节。在马头门施工过程中应采取有效措施，避免开设马头门时出现拱顶坍塌等工程事故。通过总结北京地铁区间隧道马头门工程施工经验，分析了工程地质及水文条件、周边环境、施工竖井设置位置等因素对地铁区间隧道马头门工程施工风险的影响,系统地总结了降低马头门工程风险的综合施工技术措施。

The ingate of Metro tunnels is one of the weak parts of the tunnel structure and also is a critical point in the stress transformation of the tunnel structure during construction. Effective construction technologies have to be adopted, so as to avoid the collapse of the crown during the ingate construction. The impacts of the engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions, the surrounding environment and the position of the vertical shaft on the construction risk of ingates are analyzed, and the comprehensive construction technologies for the construction of the ingates of Metro tunnels are systematically summarized, with the construction of the ingates of Beijing Metro as an example.