根据工程实践，提出深基坑工程技术具有基础理论尚未彻底完善、综合性与专业性并存和成本敏感度高的特点，其工程风险具有系统性与阶段性并存、绝对性与相对性并存、偶然性与必然性并存的特点。针对基坑工程常见风险提出系统性防范方法，针对现有深基坑技术体系若干薄弱环节，如地下连续墙质量控制、开挖阶段风险感知能力、承压水危害综合治理能力不足等问题，给出了如采用泥浆管理和接头工艺的优化、以“支撑压缩量”参数控制支撑质量、采用抽灌一体化工艺控制抽降承压水诱发的地面沉降等工程措施的建议。

It is stated in the paper that deep excavation has such features as incomplete basic theory, integration of comprehensiveness and specialty and high cost sensitivity and that the risks in deep excavation has such features as integration of system property and stage property, integration of absoluteness and relativity and integration of incidental property and inevitability. Regarding the common risks in deep excavation, systematic risk prevention and control methods are proposed. Regarding the weak points in the technological system of deep excavation, such as quality control of diaphragm walls, risk perception in the excavation stage and control of hazards induced by artesian water, countermeasures, including optimization of the slurry management and the joint technology, control of the quality of the bracing by using "bracing compression" parameter and control of ground surface settlement induced by artesian water pumping by means of integration of water pumping and water injection, are proposed. 