地铁列车高速通过中间风井以及多次在地下线路与高架线路间转换，引起车厢内压力波动，降低了乘车的舒适性。文章总结了其他国家制定的地铁或高速铁路不同的人体舒适度压力控制标准和国内的地铁压力舒适度的相关研究，采用地铁环境模拟计算软件SES 41，对广州地铁14号线列车线路在隧道运行时不同列车时速、不同的隧道断面、不同渐扩段长度等情况下通过隧道洞口及中间风井时车头的压力波动及压力舒适度进行计算分析，提出对于高速地铁可在常规盾构隧道断面入洞口处和中间风井处设置一定长度及规模的渐扩段，同时结合行车组织的压力缓解措施的设计建议，这些措施在广州地铁14号线、21号线、南京机场线等工程设计中已进行应用，具体效果有待线路开通后进行实测验证。

Passenger’s comfort degree is reduced due to the pressure fluctuation in the car when the train frequently passes the intermediate ventilation shafts and tunnel portals Passenger’s comfort degree control standards for Metro trains and highspeed trains developed in foreign countries and related studies made in China are summarized A model is established by means of SES 41 Metro environment simulation software, and the fluctuation of the pressure at the train head and the passenger’s comfort degree when the train passes tunnel portals and intermediate ventilation shafts under the condition of different train speeds, different tunnel crosssection diameters and different crosssection changing part lengths are calculated and analyzed In the end, some aerodynamic effect mitigation measures are proposed