为了分析砌体结构在不均匀沉降下的变形和结构开裂规律，通过将砌体看成是由块体、砂浆和二者间的黏结带构成的三相复合材料，采用离散单元法建立砌体数值模型，并应用能量原理进行分析。研究了砌体结构在不均匀沉降下的裂缝发展规律和结构损伤云图，通过能量原理分析，提出了砌体结构在不均匀沉降下的静能峰值指标。研究表明, 离散元数值模拟可以分析隧道施工引起的不均匀沉降对砌体结构安全的影响，为周围施工扰动下的砌体结构安全分析评价提供了新的技术路径。

A numerical model is built for masonry structures by means of discrete element method, with the masonry structure being regarded as a threephase composite material consisting of block, mortar and cohesion in between. The pattern of cracking and deformation of masonry structures under differential settlement induced by tunnel construction is studied on basis of energy theory. The static energy peak index of masonry structures under differential settlement is proposed by means of energy theory analysis. The study results show that the discrete element numerical simulation method can be used to analyze the influence of differential settlement on the safety of masonry structures and that the mentioned method can provide a new approach for the evaluation of the safety of masonry structures disturbed by surrounding construction activities.