结合某水下盾构隧道工程的防水设计，采用大型有限元软件ABAQUS对弹性密封垫的防水失效机理进行数值模拟研究。将本文有限元模型与前人简化模型进行了对比分析，并对接缝张开及接缝错开情况下的密封垫防水失效机理进行了分析。研究表明，在接缝张开的情况下，渗漏主要发生在密封垫间的接触面上；接缝错开的情况下，随错缝位移的增大，渗漏将由发生在密封垫接触面上而转变为发生在密封垫与混凝土间的接触面上。

In the paper, numerical simulation study is made on the waterproof failure mechanism of elastic sealing gaskets by means of ABAQUS program, with the design of the waterproof system of an underwater shieldbored tunnel as example. The finite element model used in the paper is compared with the previous simplified model, and the waterproof failure mechanism of elastic sealing gaskets in the case of joint opening and that in the case of joint staggering are analyzed respectively. Conclusions drawn are as follows: 1) In the case of joint opening, the water leakage mainly occurs at the contact surface between the sealing gaskets; 2) In the case of joint staggering, the water leakage at the contact surface between the sealing gaskets turns into water leakage at the contact surface between the sealing gasket and the concrete segment as the staggering displacement grows. 