伴随《铁路"十二五"发展规划》的实施,西南山区铁路高隧线比和长大隧道多的特征日益显著,隧道工程质量缺陷对铁路建设和运营的安全影响度也越来越高。近期开通的铁路隧道不同程度地出现渗漏水、脱空和裂纹等现象。为了提高复合式衬砌隧道工程建设质量,在总结杨家湾隧道建设中防止衬砌脱空和渗漏水成功案例的基础上,提出衬砌台车的设计与制作、在衬砌端头设置台阶、纵向止水带采用"牵引"或"悬挂"方式、防水层铺设、混凝土分层浇筑等施工工艺,有效地解决了隧道衬砌脱空、渗漏水等问题。

The quality defects of railway tunnels have serious impact on the construction and operation of the tunnels. However, quality defects such as water leakage, lining cavity and lining crack often occur to railway tunnels. In the paper, the measures taken to prevent quality defects during the construction of Yangjiawan tunnel, including the design and manufacturing of the lining formwork trolley, the arrangement of steps at the lining ends, the installing of the longitudinal waterstop ties by traction means or by suspension means, the laying of the waterproof sheets and the concrete casting layer by layer are presented. In the end, the quality defects of lining cavity and water leakage are eliminated.