地铁工程设计与施工常受到地面建筑、交通、地下管网或构筑物、施工场地和地质条件等复杂因素的影响，工程实施难，工期不可控。本文针对上述问题并结合工程实例提出以下解决方案： 1）通过优化结构设计，将大跨度无柱结构与叠合墙结构相结合，满足狭窄空间下的车站净空要求； 2）采用盖挖逆作法，解决交通疏解和管线改迁困难，并提高基坑安全性； 3）采用盖挖逆作+先隧后站技术解决个别站点工期不可控问题。该方案在工程实施中取得了显著效果，保证了工程在狭窄空间和复杂环境下按时、安全实施。

The design and construction of Metro engineering are usually affected by buildings and traffic on the ground, underground pipelines, structures, construction space and geological conditions, etc. As a result, countermeasures are given as follows: 1) The large span noncolumn structure is combined with composite wall structure so as to meet the construction space requirements. 2) The cutandcover topdown method is adopted so as to guarantee the traffic on the ground and replacement of pipelines and improve the safety of foundation pit. 3) The construction schedules of some stations can be guaranteed by using cutandcover topdown method and construction scheme of tunnel first and station followed. Good effects have been achieved.