为了解决不同纵向坡形隧道发生火灾时的烟流控制问题，以宝兰客运专线渭河隧道V形坡火灾通风为例，采用三维数值模拟方法，对不同坡形下烟气温度的分布特性进行研究。通过对V形坡、单面坡和人字坡等不同坡形隧道在不同纵向通风速度下的火灾工况模拟，对比分析隧道拱顶、一人高和3.0 m高处的温度分布特征。结果表明： 在火灾发生初期，当无纵向通风时，在变坡点火源车厢附近人字坡的温度最高，但随着离火源点距离的增大，V形坡的温度逐渐达到最大；当有纵向通风时，V形坡下游沿程的温度最高，且随风速增大，温度最高区域的分布范围逐渐扩大，而单面坡和人字坡的温度变化曲线基本一致，并在离火源点较远的下游区域趋于定值；在本研究范围内的坡形、坡度条件下，当纵向通风风速达到2 m/s 时，烟控效果最好。

The fire smoke control in tunnels with different slope shapes is difficult. The characteristics of fire smoke temperature distribution in tunnel with different slope shape are studied by 3D numerical simulation methods taking fire smoke ventilation of Vshaped slope of Weihe Tunnel on BaojiLanzhou passengerdedicated railway for example. The fire cases of Vshaped slope, oneway slope and convex slope under different longitudinal ventilation velocities are simulated; and the characteristics of temperature at tunnel crown top, 1.5 m point (from inner rail top) and 3.0 m point (from inner rail top) are analyzed and compared. The results show that: 1) The temperature around summit of convex slope is the highest without longitudinal ventilation at early fire; the temperature dropping velocity of fire smoke in Vshaped slope tunnel is the smallest with the distance away from fire source increases. 2) The temperature along the lower reaches of Vshaped slope tunnel is higher than those of oneway slope tunnel and convex slope tunnel under longitudinal ventilation; the scope of maximum temperature zone of Vshaped slope tunnel increases with ventilation velocity increases; the temperature variation rules of oneway slope tunnel and convex slope tunnel are almost the same. 3) The fire smoke control effect can reach best when longitudinal ventilation velocity reaches 2 m/s in case study.