为了应对高黎贡山隧道“三高四活跃”的特殊地质条件，研制高适应性TBM迫在眉睫。通过对高黎贡山隧道TBM施工段地质特征的勘察，总结了高黎贡山隧道的主要不良地质条件，分析了TBM施工存在的软弱破碎和大变形围岩洞段TBM卡机、高地应力掌子面与护盾后方岩爆、围岩收敛挤压变形支护破坏、高压突涌水和高温热害等方面的施工风险。提出高适应性TBM的针对性设计方案，包括TBM支护系统设计、刀盘刀具设计、应对涌水设计、应对高地热设计以及其他适应性设计的初步方案。研究结果可为高黎贡山隧道高适应性TBM的设计选型和制造提供参考。

The development of TBM with high adaptability to complex geological conditions of Gaoligongshan Tunnel is very important. The main bad geological conditions of Gaoligongshan Tunnel are summarized; the construction risks, i.e. TBM jamming at softweak broken section and large deformation section, rockburst of tunnel face with high ground stress and behind shield, support failure induced by convergence squeezing deformation of surrounding rock, water gushing with high pressure and high temperature, are analyzed. Furthermore, design scheme of TBM with high adaptability are proposed, including support system design, cutting tool and cutterhead design, water gushing treatment design, high ground heat treatment design and other related design. The study results can provide reference for design and selection of equipment manufacturing of TBM with high adaptability to Gaoligongshan Tunnel.