为分析盾构壁后注浆过程中不同类型的浆体在不同地层中固结排水规律的差异，采用自制的浆体固结排水试验装置，模拟盾构壁后注浆体的固结排水过程，对惰性浆、硬性浆和厚浆3种典型浆体在不同地层中的固结排水规律展开研究。结果表明： 1）在粉质黏土地层中，浆体的固结排水速度主要由浆体中水分入渗的难易程度决定； 2）在粉细砂地层中，浆体的固结排水速度主要取决于浆体的保水性和抗水分散性； 3）在渗透系数较大的粗砂地层中，固结初期浆体颗粒间的黏结作用对浆体的固结排水速度影响较大，固结完成后浆体的强度受浆体中胶凝材料的影响较大、受地层渗透系数的影响较小； 4）硬性浆固结完成后的7 d强度较3 d强度增加了30%，惰性浆和厚浆固结完成后强度随时间变化较小。

In order to analyze the difference among drainage consolidation rules of different slurries in different strata during shield backfill grouting, the process of drainage consolidation of shield backfill grouting is simulated by a homemade experiment apparatus; and then the drainage consolidation rules of three kinds of typical slurries, inert slurry, hardness slurry and thick slurry, in different strata are studied. The results show that: 1) In the silty clay stratum, the drainage consolidation speed of the slurry depends on the infiltration degree of water in slurry. 2) In the siltyfine sandy stratum, the drainage consolidation speed of the slurry depends on the waterretaining property and water dispersion resistance of the slurry. 3) In the coarse sandy stratum with large permeability coefficient, the cohesive action of slurry particle has a great impact on drainage consolidation speed of the slurry in the early stages of consolidation; the strength of the slurry is greatly affected by the cementing materials after consolidation; and that is little affected by permeability coefficients of the strata. 4) The 7day strength of hard slurry increases by 30% compared to the 3day strength of hard slurry after consolidation; the strengths of inert slurry and thick slurry vary little after consolidation.