目前的纵向设计方法均假定盾构隧道结构纵向刚度不变。在此基础上进行的盾构隧道纵向结构设计，无法达到结构纵向的变形受力协调，也无法实现结构纵向优化设计。在传统的纵向等效连续化模型的基础上，提出纵向刚度非均匀等效连续模型。模型最大的优点是可以实现盾构隧道纵向刚度分配的非均匀性，从而为纵向设计优化以及隧道结构纵向变形和受力协调的实现打下基础。在该等效纵向模型的基础上，建立2种优化设计模型，其一是以变形为目标、受力为约束的优化模型,其二是以受力为目标、变形为约束的优化模型。利用2种模型对盾构隧道穿过软弱夹层等工况进行分析，验证了模型的正确性。另外，利用优化的结果可以得到较为合理的隧道结构纵向刚度分布方式，以及纵向受力和变形协调的刚度取值范围，从而最终实现变形和受力协调。

The longitudinal stiffness of shield tunnel structure is regarded to be unchanged in present longitudinal design methods. As a result, the coordination of longitudinal deformation and force of the longitudinal structure of the shield tunnel can not be achieved; and the longitudinal optimal design of the structure can not be realized. Therefore, a new shield tunnel design model is proposed based on the study of traditional longitudinal equivalent continuous model. The model is named nonuniform stiffness longitudinal equivalent continuous model. The inhomogeneity of longitudinal stiffness of shield tunnel can be achieved by the model, and reference can be provided for coordination of longitudinal deformation and force of the longitudinal structure of the shield tunnel. Two optimal models, one with deformation as target and force as sanction and the other one with force as target and deformation as sanction, are established based on the equivalent longitudinal model. The feasibility of the models is verified by analyzing shield tunneling in weakandsoft interlayer. In addition, the longitudinal stiffness distribution of the tunnel structure can be obtained by using the optimized results; and value scope of the coordination of longitudinal deformation and force of the longitudinal structure of the shield tunnel can be obtained.