为得到盾构隧道接缝间弹性密封垫在水压力作用下的真实响应以及防水失效机制，结合杭州地铁1号线接缝防水设计工程，建立完整的弹性密封垫受水压作用下的数值模型并验证其合理性。基于该模型提出弹性密封垫受水压作用的数值模拟方法，对弹性密封垫在不同张开量下的防水性能、接触应力分布以及防水失效模式进行研究，提出基于施加水压的防水性能评价方法。研究结果表明： 当弹性密封垫张开至设计中限定的6 mm时是可以满足防水设计要求的，当张开量达到9 mm时，弹性密封垫会发生防水失效，失效位置出现在弹性密封垫间。

The real response and leakage mechanism of elastic rubber gasket of shield tunnel are studied based on Hangzhou Metro Line 1. And then the numerical model of the gasket under water pressure is established and the feasibility of the model is verified. Meanwhile, a numerical method which can simulate the gasket under water pressure is proposed based on the numerical model. The joint leakage mechanism, contact pressure distribution and waterproof failure mode of the gasket under different open conditions are researched. Finally, the waterproof evaluation method based on the water pressure applied is proposed. The study results show that the gasket can meet the waterproof requirement when the opening of gasket is 6 mm. The gasket will leak when the opening of gasket reaches 9 mm. In this case, waterproof failure will occur between the elastic rubber gaskets.