针对目前多采用不均匀沉降评价基坑工程周边建筑物安全，忽略建筑物完损状况、基础类型等对基坑工程安全的影响问题，首先分析基坑变形及建筑物破损机制，并介绍基于不均匀沉降评价建筑物安全状况的方法； 然后考虑建筑物自身状况、基坑工程地质条件、基坑支护方式等因素，建立基坑周边建筑物安全模糊综合评价模型； 最后将所建立的模型应用于福州地铁2号线上街车站基坑工程周边建筑物安全评价。结果表明： 福州地铁2号线上街车站基坑工程周边建筑物整体处于低风险状态，基坑施工对周边建筑物影响在可接受范围内； 仅采用建筑物不均匀沉降值对基坑工程周边建筑物安全性进行评价可能具有片面性，会导致评价结果与工程实际不符，而考虑多种因素共同作用的评价模型的评价结果更为合理。

Safety evaluation of buildings around foundation pit mainly adopts uneven settlement, which ignores the influencing factors of building damage condition and foundation type. Hence, the mechanism of foundation pit deformation and building damage are analyzed and a method for evaluating the safety of buildings based on uneven settlement is introduced. And then, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for safety evaluation of buildings around foundation pit is established, which considers conditions of building, geological conditions and support mode of the foundation pit. Finally, the established model is applied to the safety evaluation of buildings around foundation pit of Shangjie Station of Fuzhou Metro Line No. 2. The study results show that: (1) The buildings around foundation pit of Shangjie Station of Fuzhou Metro Line No. 2 is in low risk state, and the influence of foundation pit construction on adjacent buildings is acceptable. (2) The safety evaluation of buildings around foundation pit only considers the influence of building uneven settlement may be unilateral and would leads to discrepancy between evaluation results and reality; while the evaluation results of evaluation model which considers the interaction of multiple influence factors is more rational.