为了避免地表纵向裂缝对黄土隧道工程的安全产生危害，依托于甘肃省庆阳市境内董志黄土塬地区浅埋铁路隧道工程，针对浅埋黄土隧道施工地表纵向裂缝发展的时空规律开展研究。通过对现场地表纵向裂缝发育情况的调查，结合室内计算机数值模拟计算，分析裂缝的形成原因，并根据裂缝成因整理模型土体中纵向裂缝发展状态的确定方法。在对不同隧道埋深工况下地表纵向裂缝的发展状态和不同时间点中地表纵向裂缝的发展状态进行分析后，得出地表纵向裂缝发展的空间规律与时间规律，最后总结形成浅埋隧道施工地表纵向裂缝发展时空规律，并提出减少地表纵向裂缝的防控措施建议。

During the construction of the shallow loess tunnel, ground surface cracks along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel are often found on both sides of the tunnel which have brought many adverse effects to the loess tunnel project. Hence, the railway tunnel project in Dongzhiyuan region of Qingyang City, Gansu Province is taken as an example to study the temporal and spatial laws of ground surface longitudinal cracks generated by loess tunnel construction. Through the investigation of ground surface longitudinal cracks on site and the numerical simulation of computer, the causes of crack formation are analyzed and the method for determining the development state of longitudinal cracks in model soil are arranged. After analyzing the development status of ground surface longitudinal cracks under different tunnel burying conditions and different time points, the spatial and temporal development laws of ground surface longitudinal cracks are drawn. Finally, the temporal and spatial laws of the ground surface longitudinal cracks in shallow tunnels are summarized, and corresponding countermeasures are proposed.