为定量分析高速公路隧道弯道路段不同半径条件下,线形诱导标志和反光环对驾驶员曲率感知的影响,基于室内仿真试验,选取20 名驾驶员作为被试,分别测量驾驶员在不同试验场景条件下的弯道错觉程度,并对试验数据展开分析。试验结果表明: 1)采用线形诱导标志的隧道弯道视线诱导方法,驾驶员弯道错觉表现为高估弯道半径,且仅在半径为200~400 m 条件下,具有较好的诱导效果,弯道错觉程度小于7%;同时,驾驶员的弯道错觉程度与隧道弯道半径显著正相关,与线形诱导标志的可见个数显著负相关。2)采用反光环的隧道弯道视线诱导方法,驾驶员的弯道错觉程度仅与反光环的可见个数存在显著负相关,且随着可见反光环布设个数的增多(4~6 个),会导致驾驶员低估半径的错觉程度过大(>-20%),不利于驾驶员安全行车。3)在隧道弯道路段(200~1 800 m),当可见反光环为3 个时,不同半径下的弯道错觉程度均小于布设线形诱导标志的方案(小于5%)。因此,采用在隧道弯道路段布设3 个可见反光环的方法更有利于提高驾驶员的曲率感知能力。

In order to quantitatively analyze the influence of the chevron alignment signs and reflective rings on driver′s curvature perception on curved road section of expressway tunnel under different radius conditions, 20 drivers are selected as the testees to measure the degree of curve illusion in different test scenes based on the indoor simulation experiment. And then the experiment data are analyzed statistically. The results show that: (1) When adopting the method of chevron alignment signs, the curve illusion of the driver is represented by an overestimation of the curve radius; the use of chevron alignment signs has a good effect at only a radius of 200~400 m, the degree of illusion of the curve is less than 7%; at the same time, the degree of curve illusion is significantly positively correlated with the radius of the tunnel curve, and is significantly negatively correlated with the number of visible signs of the chevron alignment signs. (2) When adopting the method of arranging the reflective rings, there is a significant influence between the curve illusion and the number of the reflective ring; with the increase in the number of reflective rings (4~6), the driver will have the illusion of overestimating the curvature (larger than -20%), which is not conducive to the driver′s safe driving. (3) In a curved section of the tunnel (200~1 800 m), the degree of curve illusion is less than 5% when three visible reflective rings are used. Therefore, the method of using three visible reflective rings is more conducive to improving a driver′s curvature perception in a curved section of the tunnel.