为解决TBM设备在硬岩地层施工过程中单刃边滚刀失效较严重的问题，对边滚刀在破岩过程中的振动特性进行研究。首先，基于对破岩时边滚刀的受力分析，将其所受载荷简化为垂向力、轴向力以及倾覆力矩，建立滚刀动力学模型。然后，运用MATLAB/Simulink建立边滚刀动力学仿真模型，由ANSYS/Ls-dyna仿真得到的边滚刀破岩载荷历程作为该动力学模型的输入激励，仿真得到边滚刀各部件振动位移响应曲线。最后，通过改变模型中滚刀各部件的刚度大小,研究其对滚刀振动的影响。研究发现： 1）对于安装角为45°的边滚刀，在花岗岩地层中破岩时，其刀圈侧向振动幅度比垂向振动幅度大22%左右，侧向摆角最大可达到0.406°。2）刀圈与轴承的刚度是影响滚刀振动和侧向摆动的重要因素，增大1倍刀圈刚度，滚刀垂向、侧向振幅和摆动振幅分别降低26.6%、31.5%、31.0%；增大1倍轴承刚度，滚刀垂向、侧向振幅和摆动振幅分别降低19.5%、14.1%、21.7%。
Serious failure often occurs to the single blade edge
disccutter when TBM boring in hard rock stratum. Hence, it is necessary
to study the vibration characteristics of the edge disccutter during rock breaking process. Firstly, based on the analysis
of the load of the edge disccutter in the rock
breaking process, the loads are simplified as vertical force, axial force and
overturning moment to establish an edge disccutter
dynamic model. And then the dynamic simulation model of edge disccutter is established by using MATLAB/Simulink; the load history of
the cutter obtained by ANSYS/Lsdyna is used as the
input stimulus of the dynamic model, thus the vibration displacement response
curve of each part of the edge disccutter is obtained.
Finally, the effect of the stiffness on the cutter vibration is studied by
changing the size of the various components in the model. The results show
that: (1) When the edge disccutter with an angle of 45° is installed to break the rock in the granite stratum, the lateral
vibration amplitude of the cutter ring is about 22% larger than the vertical
vibration amplitude, and the maximum lateral swing angle can reach 0.406°. (2) The stiffnesses of cutter ring
and bearing are the important factors that affect the lateral vibration and
swing of cutter; if the stiffness of the cutter ring is doubled, the vertical,
lateral and swing amplitudes of the cutter can be reduced by 26.6%, 31.5%,
31.0%, respectively; if the bearing stiffness is doubled, the vertical, lateral
and swing amplitudes of cutter can be reduced by 19.5%, 14.1%, 21.7%,
respectively.
