为解决铁路隧道在施工期污水排放对环境敏感区环境的影响，必须设置隧道污水处理站。通过现场调研多个项目实际发生的隧道污水处理站建设情况，分析研究后提出如下结论： 1）铁路隧道在施工期可实现清水、污水分流以达到减少污水排放量、控制隧道污水处理站建设规模的目的。2）在考虑隧道施工期生产污水、清水分流的工程措施和隧道衬砌、注浆堵水等工程措施对涌水的削减作用的基础上，区分不同地质情况分段确定洞身单位长度正常涌水量乘以施工未衬砌段长度及涌水变化系数的积来确定隧道污水处理站的污水处理规模。3）与隧道污水处理站设计思路配套，建议在现行概（预）算编制办法规定计费范围的基础上，将清水、污水分流的工程措施费用，污水处理站设备的安拆及摊销费用，污水处理站的运营及维护费用纳入概算。

The sewage discharge during the construction of railway tunnel affects the environment sensitive area, hence, it is necessary to set up a sewage treatment station. Onsite investigation of the construction of tunnel sewage treatment stations is carried out on several projects. Some conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) The diversion of clean water and sewage can be realized in the construction period of the railway tunnel to reduce the discharge of sewage and control the construction scale of the tunnel sewage treatment station. (2) On the basis of the engineering measures such as the production of sewage and the diversion of clean water during the construction period and the reduction of the water inflow caused by the tunnel lining and grouting, the sewage treatment scale of the tunnel sewage treatment station can be determined by multiplying the normal water inflow per unit length determined by different geological conditions by the length of the unlined section and the variation coefficient of the water inflow. (3) It is suggested that, on the basis of the charging scope stipulated in the current general (budget) compilation method, the project cost of clean water and sewage diversion, the installation, dismantling and amortization cost of sewage treatment station equipment, and the operation and maintenance cost of sewage treatment station should be included in the estimate.