为了减小管幕群管顶进对软土地层的扰动，依托福州文林山隧道，针对其覆土浅、断面大、周边环境保护要求高等难点，采用FLAC3D数值软件对顶管群的施工顺序进行优化研究。根据现场实测地表位移，对开挖应力释放率进行标定，提高数值模拟的可靠性。在此基础上，模拟并比较不同顶进次序对地层的扰动情况，比选出最优顶进顺序。分析表明： 管幕顶进完毕后地层应力释放率为8%；管幕由两侧往拱顶顶进（自下而上）时控制地表沉降效果最优。最后，采用随机介质理论建立考虑地层损失的群管顶进地表沉降预测方法，现场测试地表沉降与预测结果吻合良好。

Pipe jacking always results in the disturbance of the surrounding soft soil. Therefore, the pipe group jacking sequence in Wenlinshan Tunnel (Fuzhou) with a shallow soil cover, a large cross section, and high environmental protection requirements is optimized using a numerical simulation software FLAC3D. Initially, the stress release ratio is calibrated according to the onsitemeasured surface displacement to improve the reliability of the numerical simulation. Herein, a series of modeling experiments is performed using different jacking sequences. Further, the disturbance degrees of these jacking sequences with respect to the surrounding soil are comparatively analyzed. Analytical results show that the soil stress release ratio becomes 8% after pipe jacking, and the surface settlement can be effectively controlled during pipe jacking from the tunnel sidewalls to the crown. Finally, a prediction method is established based on the random medium theory for the surface settlement induced by pipe group jacking when considering ground loss. The field test results are in good agreement with the prediction results.