为解决高地温隧道施工热环境难题、掌握隧道中的热源和冷源的能量平衡控制方法，以传热学原理为基础，通过能量守能定律，推导得出无高温水出露和有高温水出露2种工况下的新风量计算公式。以大瑞铁路高黎贡山隧道为例进行研究，得到以下结论： 1）推导得出的理论公式具有一定的可靠性，计算误差可控制在6%左右； 2）增大通风量可使洞内相对湿度大幅度降低，通风降湿效果明显； 3）低温、低湿新鲜风可以有效改善隧道内环境质量，但存在局限性，应因地制宜地选取热环境控制方法。

To solve the thermal environment problem of high ground temperature tunnel construction and master the energy balance control method of the heat source and cold source in the tunnel, fresh air volume calculation formulas under water exposure with and without high temperature are deduced based on the principle of heat transfer and the law of energy conservation. The formulas are applied to  Gaoligongshan tunnel of Darui Railway, and the results show follows. (1) The theoretical formulas obtained are reliable, and the calculation error can be controlled within 6%. (2) The increase in ventilation can reduce relative humidity in the tunnel  obviously. (3) The fresh air with low temperature and humidity can effectively improve the environmental quality in the tunnel, but it is not universal in every condition, the heat environmental control method should be selected according to actual conditions.