为降低TBM在不良地质条件下施工的卡机风险，解决卡机后快速脱困问题，结合高黎贡山隧道TBM施工情况，针对岩性接触带、断层破碎带、全风化花岗岩粉细砂地层、涌水、高压富水软弱破碎蚀变构造带等不良地质条件，从地质预报、掘进参数控制、初期支护、防卡机措施、卡机脱困技术、不良地质超前加固及改良等关键技术方面进行研究分析，总结出掘进参数与卡机的关系并提出控制措施，同时还针对不同规模的不良地质，总结出刀盘清理法、循环管棚法、导洞法、迂回导坑法等应对措施。
In this study,
to reduce the risk of TBM jamming under unfavorable geologies and perform a
fast jamming release, an evaluation of key technologies is performed, including
geological forecast, tunneling parameters control, primary support, antijamming
measures, jamming release, advance reinforcement, and ground conditioning of
unfavorable geologies (such as lithologic contact zone, fault fracture zone,
fullyweathered granite and siltyfine sand formation, water gushing, and highpressure waterrich weak broken altered
structural belt). Moreover, the relationship between the tunneling parameters
and TBM jamming is obtained, and control measures are presented. Meanwhile,
certain countermeasures corresponding to different scales of unfavorable
geologies, i.e. cutterhead cleaning, cyclic pipe roof, pilot tunnel, and bypass
heading methods, are summarized.
