Key Technologies for Controlling Large Deformation&nbsp;of Soft Rock Tunnels with High Geostress（高地应力软岩隧道大变形控制关键技术）

马栋; 孙毅; 王武现; 晋刘杰

doi:10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2021.10.002

隧道建设 >

2021 , Vol. 41 >Issue 10: 1634 - 1643

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2021.10.002

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Key Technologies for Controlling Large Deformation of Soft Rock Tunnels with High Geostress（高地应力软岩隧道大变形控制关键技术）

马栋 ,
孙毅 ,
王武现 ,
晋刘杰

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(中铁十六局集团有限公司，北京 100018)

马栋（1963—），男，河南方城人，1987年毕业于石家庄铁道学院（现石家庄铁道大学），铁道工程专业，博士，正高级工程师，主要从事隧道与地下工程方面的工程建设、科学研究工作。E-mail: madong.16g@crcc.cn。*通信作者：孙毅， E-mail: 12115284@bjtu.edu.cn。

网络出版日期: 2021-11-03

基金资助

中国工程院重大咨询研究项目（2019-ZD-39）

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Key Technologies for Controlling Large Deformation of Soft Rock Tunnels with High Geostress

MA Dong ,
SUN Yi ,
WANG Wuxian ,
JIN Liujie

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(China Railway 16th Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100018, China)

Online published: 2021-11-03

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摘要

高地应力环境与低强度围岩的耦合作用，增大了隧道失稳风险。为有效控制高地应力软岩隧道大变形问题，总结丽香、玉磨、成兰铁路近10座高地应力软岩隧道施工实践经验，阐述大变形隧道变形特征和关键控制技术，结合监测数据验证了相关技术的有效性，得出以下结论： 1）预留变形量是避免发生大变形后初期支护侵限的重要基础； 2）对于水平构造应力占优势的单线隧道，增大边墙曲率可有效控制隧道边墙收敛； 3）双层初期支护与锚杆共同支护可有效提高初期支护刚度，减小围岩变形； 4）初期支护仰拱快速封闭，控制初期支护仰拱与掌子面距离 <20 m能够起到有效抑制收敛的作用； 5）合适的二次衬砌施作时机既能有效地控制大变形又能减少二次衬砌的开裂。

关键词： 软岩隧道; 高地应力; 大变形; 变形控制; 预留变形量; 边墙曲率; 双层初期支护

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马栋 , 孙毅 , 王武现 , 晋刘杰 . Key Technologies for Controlling Large Deformation of Soft Rock Tunnels with High Geostress（高地应力软岩隧道大变形控制关键技术）[J]. 隧道建设, 2021 , 41(10) : 1634 -1643 . DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2021.10.002

Abstract

The coupling effect between high geostress state and low strength surrounding rock increases the risk of tunnel instability. In order to effectively control the large deformation of soft rock tunnels with high geostress, the construction experience of nearly ten tunnels in soft rock with high geostress in LijiangShangriLa, YuxiMohan, and ChengduLanzhou railways are summarized, the deformation characteristics and key control technologies of these large deformation tunnels are expounded, and the effectiveness of relevant technologies with monitoring data is rerified. The following conclusions are made. (1)The reserved deformation is an important basis to avoid the primary support from intruding into the structural limit of the tunnel after a large surrounding rock deformation. (2) For the singletrack tunnel with a dominant horizontal tectonic stress, increasing the curvature of the sidewall can effectively control the convergence of the sidewall. (3) The doublelayer primary support together with mixlength bolts can increase the stiffness of the primary support and reduce the surrounding rock deformation. (4) The large deformation can be controlled effectively and the cracking of secondary lining can be reduced by installing the second lining at a proper time. (5) Quick closing of the invert of the primary lining and keeping the distance between the invert and the tunnel face at less than 20 m can play an effective role in inhibiting convergence.

Key words： soft rock tunnel; high geostress; large deformation; deformation control; reserved deformation; sidewall curvature; doublelayer primary support

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