传统矿山法竖井施工面临着涌水、地热和地应力等危险性问题，钻井法对地层的适应性较差，沉井法受开挖深度的限制。为解决竖井施工效率低、环境恶劣、安全性低和机械化程度低等问题，结合隧道掘进机技术及矿山法竖井施工工艺，研发设计一种集开挖、出渣和支护平行作业的全断面竖井掘进机。根据目前竖井施工的支护方式，取消后配套改用吊盘结构，采用多地层同步清渣的破岩系统、多机构联合排渣技术、环形支撑推进系统、专用导向系统和设备远程控制系统等多项创新性设计。该研制成果已在厂区基坑内完成关键系统的功能试验，可实现掘进、出渣同步作业，试验成井井壁质量较好，为竖井全断面施工提供了一种可靠的工法，有助于竖井施工的机械化发展。
The shaft excavated using the traditional mining
method faces dangerous water inrush, geothermal, and insitu
stress problems. The drilling method has limited adaptability to formations,
and the caisson method is restricted by the excavation depth. To improve the
construction efficiency, environment, safety, and mechanized level of shaft
construction, a fullface shaft tunneling machine
integrating excavation, mucking, and supporting is designed based on the tunnel
boring machine technology and the shaft mining method. A hanging plate replaces
the backup system, and multiple innovative designs, including rock breaking
system while muck removing, muck discharge by multiinstitution,
annular support propulsion system, special guiding system, and remote control
system, are adopted considering the current shaft supporting method. A
functional test has been conducted on a developed machine in a foundation pit,
synchronous tunneling and mucking have been realized, and the shaft wall is of
good quality. The results show the feasibility of the method for fullface shaft construction and promote the mechanized development of
shaft tunneling.
