隧道地下水防冻（融）和结构抗冻是寒区隧道技术的关键，其中地下水防冻（融）是核心，结构抗冻是重点。通过结合地理位置以及寒区既有交通隧道的抗防冻技术和出现的冻害情况，提出高纬度寒区和高海拔寒区的设计分区方法；对比分析寒区公路和铁路等隧道相关技术标准的现状及存在的问题，提出寒区隧道抗防冻措施的优化方向；并结合实测运营铁路隧道洞内纵向温度场，分析寒区隧道抗防冻设计的主导因素。结果表明： 1）高纬度寒区和高海拔寒区，可按最冷月平均气温和年平均气温，分别划分为5个设计分区； 2）寒区隧道抗防冻关键是围绕隧道构建保温排水系统,结构抗冻可采取提高结构抗冻性能和设置保温层防冻等措施； 3）隧道洞口高差形成的自然气压差，是影响寒区长大隧道洞内温度场沿纵向分布和抗防冻设计的主导因素。

Antifreezing of groundwater (freezethaw) and the resistance of structural freezing of tunnels are crucial to tunnel technology in cold regions; the core is the groundwater antifreeze (freezethaw), whereas the key is the resistance of structural freezing. In this study, the geographical location and antifreezing technologies of existing traffic tunnels and the occurrence of frost damage in cold regions are introduced; moreover, the design divisions of a tunnel in highlatitude and highaltitude cold regions are proposed. Then, the status and problems of related technical standards for highway and railway tunnels in cold regions are introduced. Further, the optimization direction of antifreezing measures for tunnels is proposed. Finally, the dominant factors of the antifreezing design of the tunnels in cold regions are analyzed using the longitudinal temperature field in the operating railway tunnel. The results indicate the following. (1) The highlatitude or highaltitude cold regions can be classified into five design divisions according to the average temperature in the coldest month and average annual temperature. (2) The establishment of insulation and drainage system is a key factor in the antifreezing of tunnels in the cold regions， measures, such as improving the frost resistance capacity of the structure and insulation layers, can be adopted to prevent the structure from frost. (3) The natural difference in air pressure formed by the height difference in the tunnel entrance is the dominant factor affecting the longitudinal distribution of the temperature field in long tunnels and antifreezing design in cold regions.