在收集整理大量文献研究资料的基础上，系统回顾中国铁路隧道地质勘察技术的起步、发展、技术突破及创新3个阶段；分析遥感、地质调绘、物探、钻探、原位测试、岩土试验、超前地质预报、综合勘察等隧道勘察技术的发展现状；根据隧道建设的需求和勘察技术水平，分析并提出深埋地质复杂山区铁路隧道、超长深水跨海铁路隧道、高速铁路隧道勘察技术面临的挑战；结合现今科学技术水平及未来发展趋势，提出隧道勘察技术在勘探方法及装备、深部岩体数字化原位测试技术、超前地质预报技术、铁路隧道信息化、智能化勘察技术等方面的发展前景。分析认为，中国铁路隧道地质勘察技术将朝着更加广域、高效、精准、智能的方向发展，且必将取得更大突破。
杜宇本
,
蒋良文
,
陈明浩
,
王哲威
. Development and Prospect of Geological Surveying Technology
for Railway Tunnels in China(中国铁路隧道勘察技术的发展与展望)[J]. 隧道建设, 2021
, 41(11)
: 1943
-1952
.
DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2021.11.009
The three stages in the development of the geological
surveying technologies for railway tunnels, i.e.〖KG-*3〗, the start stage, the development stage, and the technical
breakthrough and innovation stage, are briefly reviewed.The stateofart of the geological surveying
technologies for railway tunnels, such as the remote sensing technology, the
geological mapping technology, the geophysical prospecting technology, the
drilling exploration technology, the insitu testing
technology, the geotechnical testing technology, the advance geological
prediction technology, and the comprehensive geological surveying
technology,are analyzed.The challenges in the geological surveying technologies
for deep railway tunnels in mountainous areas with complex geological
conditions, ultralong railway tunnels crossing
underneath deep sea water, highspeed railway tunnels,
and railway tunnels with special construction methods are analyzed according to
the requirements of the tunnel construction and the level of the geological
surveying technologies. In consideration of the current scientific and
technological level and the future development trend, the prospects of the
geological surveying technologies for railway tunnels in terms of the surveying
methods and equipment, the digital insitu testing
technology for deep rock mass, the advance geological prediction technology,
the informatized and intelligent geological surveying technologies for railway
tunnels are put forward. It is considered that the geological surveying
technologies for tunnels will develop toward the direction of wider area,
higher efficiency, more accurate, and more intelligent, and will make greater
breakthroughs.
