简述我国隧道爆破施工技术现状，指出目前我国在隧道光面爆破技术、楔形掏槽技术等方面已取得了一定的成就，但爆破施工机械配置与发达国家相比差距较大，隧道钻爆法施工中仍大规模使用人工手持风动凿岩工具钻孔，特别是采用人工装药，功效低，安全性差，在推广隧道钻孔机械化、装药自动化、减人增效等方面仍需要做大量的工作〖JP〗。回顾我国隧道爆破施工技术近期发展，指出全电脑凿岩台车、改进后的工业电子雷管及全断面（带仰拱）爆破工法已在隧道施工中成功应用，但使用混装或散装炸药进行机械化装药仍处于探索阶段。结合现状分析及未来发展，对隧道爆破技术进行展望：
加快我国隧道钻爆技术应用与5G技术深度融合，发展智能化钻孔及装药设备，并改进目前的掏槽技术及爆破器材，使之与钻孔设备的发展及快速掘进要求相匹配。我国隧道钻爆技术应通过体制创新及技术创新，为山岭隧道机械化、智能化施工创造有利条件，达到领军世界山岭隧道钻爆法施工技术的水平。
方俊波
,
刘洪震
,
翟进营
. Development and Prospect of Blasting Technology for Mountain-Crossing Tunnels(山岭隧道爆破施工技术的发展与展望)[J]. 隧道建设, 2021
, 41(11)
: 1980
-1991
.
DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2021.11.012
Firstly, the state of art
of the tunnel blasting technology in China is reviewed. It is pointed out that
at present the smooth blasting technology and the V-cut
technology in China have made certain achievements, but the machinery and tools
for tunnel blasting in China lag behind those in the developed countries. Hand-held pneumatic drills are still widely used in the drilling and
blasting in tunnel construction in China. Particularly, manual charging, which
has low efficiency and safety, is still used in drilling and blasting. There
are much work to do in aspects of mechanized blast hole drilling and automatic
charging so as to reduce the labor forces and improve the efficiency. Secondly,
the recent development of tunnel blasting technology in China is reviewed. It
is pointed out that fully-computerized drilling jumbo,
improved industrial electronic detonator, and full-face
(with invert) blasting method have been successfully applied in the tunnel
construction in China, but mechanical charging of mixed or bulk explosives is
still in the exploratory stage. Thirdly, on the basis of the analysis on the
state-ofart and development of
the drilling and blasting technology in China, it is proposed that China′s drilling and blasting technology for tunnels should be deeply integrated
with the 5G technology, intelligent drilling and charging equipment should be
developed, and the present cut technology and blasting agents should be
improved so as to match the development of the drilling equipment and meet the
requirements of rapid tunneling rates. Finally, it is concluded that China′s drilling and blasting technology should create favorable
conditions for mechanized and intelligent construction of mountain-crossing tunnels via system innovation and technology innovation,
and play an important role in leading the drilling and blasting technology for
mountain-crossing tunnels in the world.
