为研究盾构隧道双道密封垫在防水性能提升上的效果，首先定性分析双道密封垫的防水机制，给出击穿水压概念以及基于弹性力学的密封垫击穿水压数值估算公式； 然后开展双道密封垫试验，对击穿水压数值进行验证，得出影响双道密封垫防水性能的一些因素。研究结果表明： 1）当外界水压大于外道密封垫初始防水能力的1.36倍时，密封垫被完全击穿，丧失残余防水能力； 2）不同的密封垫布置方式会影响双道密封垫的防水能力，在双道密封垫的实际应用中，需要将防水能力更强的密封垫布置在外侧，且双道密封垫的防水能力差距不宜过大； 3）沟槽的结构和尺寸会影响密封垫的防水能力； 4）无论是单道密封垫，还是双道密封垫，无错位量密封垫的防水压力远大于有错位量密封垫的防水压力，因此施工中应采取措施尽量减少错位量。

In this study, the waterproofing mechanism of double seal gaskets is qualitatively analyzed and the concept of breakdown water pressure and a numerical estimation formula of gasket breakdown water pressure based on elasticity are presented. The value of the breakdown water pressure is verified using a double seal gaskets test, identifying the factors affecting the waterproofing performance of double seal gaskets. The study results indicate the following: (1) When the external water pressure is greater than 1.36 times the initial waterproofing capacity of the outer gasket, the gasket breaks down completely and loses the residual waterproofing capacity. (2) Different gasket arrangements will affect the waterproofing performance of the double seal gaskets during the actual application. Additionally, it is recommended to arrange gaskets with stronger waterproofing capability on the outside, and the waterproofing capability difference between two gaskets should be minimum. (3) The structure and size of the seal groove affect the gasket′s waterproofing performance. (4) The segment dislocation of the seal gasket will affect the waterproofing performance of single and double seal gaskets. Therefore, segment dislocation must be avoided.