为研究地铁车站施工工法拱盖支柱法施工力学行为，以贵阳地铁3号线北京路站为依托工程，采用数值模拟和现场监测相结合的方法，对拱盖支柱法施工过程中的围岩变形、地表沉降以及支护结构受力进行研究。结果表明： 1）拱盖支柱法灵活运用洞桩法和中洞法的施工理念形成顶部支承结构，充分利用下层硬岩的承载作用，有效地控制了地表沉降和围岩变形； 2）上部中导洞开挖是导致拱顶和地表沉降最大的施工阶段，上部侧导洞开挖是导致支护结构受力变化最大的施工阶段； 3）顶部支承结构施工完成后，围岩变形、地表沉降以及支护结构受力变化都很小，说明顶部支承结构能发挥很大作用；数值计算结果随施工工序的变化趋势与现场监测的变化趋势吻合度较好。

The study aims to investigate the mechanical behavior of the cover arch pillar method in the construction of metro stations, with a focus on the Beijinglu station of Guiyang metro line 3 in China. Numerical simulation and onsite monitoring methods are used to examine the deformation of the surrounding rock and surface settlement and the stress of supporting structures during the construction of the metro station. The results reveal the following: (1) The cover arch pillar method flexibly uses the construction concept of pilebeamarch method and centerdrift method to form the top support structure. The cover arch pillar method also makes full use of the bearing function of the lower hard rock to effectively control surface settlement and surrounding rock deformation. (2) The excavation of the upper middle pilot tunnel leads to the maximum settlement of the crown and surface, while the excavation of the upper side pilot tunnel leads to the maximum stress change of the support structure. (3) The construction of the top support structure results in small deformations of surrounding rock and surface and small stress change of the support structure, indicating that the top support structure plays an important role. The trend of numerical results with respect to the change in the construction process is in good agreement with the trend of onsite monitoring.