针对我国盾构隧道大埋深、高水压的发展趋势，与规范标准不适用、防水设计型式多样、施工工艺粗放、隧道渗漏多发的技术现实之间的矛盾，对盾构隧道防水机制、技术标准与防水体系，管片防水构造设计，防水施工工艺等问题进行系统探讨，并对我国高水压条件下盾构隧道防水技术发展方向进行展望： 1）考虑随机性的弹性密封垫截面选取和设计方法、密封垫防水能力定量评价方法、接缝“动态”张开及错台对防水能力的影响等是管片接缝防水机制的研究方向； 2）新的防水技术标准亟待建立，包括对各防水等级渗漏水量及防水措施的考量，防水理念的转变，设计允许张开量、错台量的计算标准和取值依据的确定； 3）应加强外防水涂层、二次衬砌、接缝注入密封剂等防水措施的研究，防水构造设计应当充分考虑施工的合理性； 4）高水平施工管理队伍的建设与高素质产业化工人的培育，防水新材料、新工艺的开发和引入是未来防水施工技术的革新方向； 5）隧道运营期渗漏水智能监测与综合防治是今后的重要任务。

With the largescale construction of shield tunneling projects, the water pressure faced by shield tunnels is increasing, and its waterproofing is a major limitation for the advancement of shield tunnels. Moreover, the technical reality of inapplicable standards, various waterproof design types, extensive construction technology, and frequent tunnel leakage should be improved. The waterproofing system of shield tunnels, technical standards and waterproofing system, design of the waterproof structure of the segment, and waterproofing construction technology are being considered due to the development trends in large buried depth and high water pressure of shield tunnels in China. The following are the conclusions reached: (1) The impact of the choice and design approach of the gasket section taking into account the elasticity of randomness, quantitative assessment method of the waterproof ability of the gasket, "dynamic" opening of the joint, and impact of the staggered platform on the waterproof ability are the research areas for the waterproofing mechanism of the segment joints. (2) There is an urgent need to establish new waterproof technology standards, which considers the water leakage and waterproofing measures for each waterproof level, change the waterproof concept, and should establish calculation standards for the permitted opening and spacing of the design as well as the value basis. (3) The study on waterproof techniques such as external waterproof coating, secondary lining, and injection of sealant into joints must be strengthened, and the rationality of construction should be considered when designing a waterproof structure. (4) Future waterproof construction technology will advance only with appropriate team management, training of skilled chemical industry employees, and development and adoption of novel waterproofing materials and procedures. (5) Intelligent monitoring and comprehensive prevention and control of water leakage during tunnel operation is a crucial in future.