胶州湾第二海底隧道具有超长、超大、超深、地质复杂、通风排烟困难、疏散救援难度大、两岸接线复杂、建设条件限制多等诸多特点。为了科学、安全、经济地建设胶州湾第二海底隧道，结合项目特点，对超长海底隧道的选址、工法、埋深、断面布置、通风排烟、疏散救援等关键问题进行研究，得出以下主要结论： 1）超长海底隧道总体设计应突出地质选线理念，这是降低建设与运营风险、控制投资和保障工期的关键； 2）结合具体地质和建设环境条件进行多工法比选、分段选择适宜的施工方法并确定合理埋深，是超长海底隧道总体设计的重要内容； 3）胶州湾第二海底隧道海域段采用2条主线隧道+中间服务隧道的布置方式，在海域段主线隧道顶部设置风道，并创新提出2.5段通风方案，利用服务隧道兼作新风通道，解决了超长海底隧道的通风难题； 4）隧道两端洞口设置管理中心，在服务隧道洞口设置应急管理站，并利用服务隧道、人行及车行横通道、盾构段疏散楼梯和下层纵向疏散通道组成完善的疏散救援系统，可保障超长海底隧道运营安全。
肖明清
,
孙文昊
,
曲立清
,
李翔
,
陈立保
,
倪健
,
马相峰
. Study on General Design of Second Jiaozhou Bay Subsea
Tunnel（胶州湾第二海底隧道总体设计方案研究）[J]. 隧道建设, 2023
, 43(2)
: 199
-216
.
DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2023.02.002
The Second Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel is featured by
super length, super size, super depth, complicated geological conditions,
difficult ventilation and smoke extraction conditions, difficult evacuation and
rescue conditions, complicated connection to the road network on both coasts,
and restrictions on construction conditions. In this study, the authors study
on 〖HJ5mm〗key issues of the superlong subsea tunnel, including the location, construction method,
overburden, arrangement in tunnel, ventilation and smoke extraction, evacuation
and rescue, in order to construct the Second Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel in a
scientific, safe and economic way. The following main findings are concluded:
(1) The concept of selecting the tunnel alignment based on the geological
conditions shall be emphasized in the general design of the superlong subsea tunnel, which is key to reducing the construction and
operation risks, controlling the investment and guaranteeing the construction
period. (2) In the general design of the superlong
subsea tunnel, it is important to compare different construction methods,
select appropriate construction methods for different sections of the subseal
tunnel and determine the reasonable overburden according to the specific
geological and construction environment conditions. (3) The subsea section of
the Second Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel consists of twin main tunnel tubes and
one service tunnel tube. The air passage is set at the top area of the subsea
section of the main tunnel tubes, the innovative 2.5section
ventilation plan is put forward, and the service tunnel is also used as the
fresh air channel, which solves the ventilation problem of the super-long subsea tunnel. (4) A management center is set up at each portal
of the tunnel, an emergency management station is set up at the portal of the
service tunnel. Moreover, a complete evacuation and rescue system, which
consists of the service tunnel, the pedestrian/vehicle cross passages, and the
evacuation stairs and the longitudinal evacuation channel in the lower part of
the shieldbored section, is arranged. In this way, the
operation safety of the superlong subsea tunnel is
guaranteed.
