为研究佛山地区深厚软土地层基坑围护结构变形特性与方案的适用性，以佛山市城市轨道交通3号线7个深厚软土地层典型站点实际监测数据为基础，统计深基坑在不同工况下的深层水平位移和速率变化的一般规律，从软土地层深度、支撑形式、基底加固和嵌固深度等方面对围护结构的变形进行探讨。实际监测结果表明，地下2层站采用3道混凝土支撑形式更有利于控制基坑变形。对于采用钢支撑时，建议进一步通过提高施工技术水平、充分考虑基坑开挖的“时空效应”等手段来满足工程设计要求。基坑底部采用裙边+抽条加固形式更有利于控制围护结构变形，过多增加围护结构嵌固深度对控制变形意义不大。通过进一步对软土基坑开挖实际变形远大于理论值的原因进行分析和对围护结构的安全性进行判别，提出车站主体基坑（18 m深度内）变形值的控制标准，并给出佛山地区深厚软土条件下围护结构选型的适用性建议。

 To investigate the deformation characteristics of foundation pit retaining structure in deep soft soil area in Foshan, China, and the applicability of the operation schemes, a case study is conducted on the monitoring data of seven typical metro stations in deep soft soil of Foshan urban rail transit line 3, and the variation laws of deep foundation pit horizontal displacement and displacement rate under various working conditions are summarized. Then, the influence of factors such as soft soil depth, support form, base reinforcement, and embedding depth on the deformation of retaining structure is examined. The practical results indicate that: (1) Three concrete supports are more beneficial to controlling the foundation pit deformation. It is recommended to further improve the construction technology level and fully consider the "timespace effect" of foundation pit excavation when using steel support. (2) The bottom of the foundation pit adopts the form of skirt + strip reinforcement, which is more conducive to controlling the deformation of the retaining structure. Increasing the embedding depth of the retaining structure is of little significance to deformation control. The reasons causing the phenomenon that the actual deformation of soft soil foundation pit is much larger than the theoretical value are further analyzed and the safety of the retaining structure is estimated, after which the control standard of the deformation value of the main foundation pit of the station (within 18 m) is proposed and the applicability suggestions for the selection of retaining structure under the condition of deep soft soil in Foshan area are given.