为减轻地铁盾构隧道施工安全风险，基于脆弱性理论并总结其研究现状，结合文献调研、事故案例和德尔菲法确定脆弱性致因清单； 基于结构方程模型SEM运算调查数据并验证模型，将所得结果应用于中国佛山市某地铁工程项目，运用重要性-绩效分析法(IPA)对该案例进行定量评价并得出案例中的5个关键影响因素。IPA分析结果表明： 1）有效降低脆弱性的前提是严格按照规范和施工环境情况设置4M1E； 2）为提高适应度应着重提升应急保障能力； 3）仅采取满足政策规定的安全措施要求无法有效降低脆弱性，施工单位应严格依据具体施工情况制定施工组织设计、监测方案和管理措施等。最后，结合事故案例及规范提出了降低地铁盾构隧道施工安全脆弱性的管控措施，为未来盾构隧道施工安全管控提供建议。

To reduce the safety risks of metro shield tuneling, the vulnerability theory and its literature are presented. The causes of vulnerability are listed based on the existing literature, typical accident cases, and the Delphi method. Further, based on the examined data and confirmed model from structural equation model, the obtained results are applied to a metro shield project in Foshan, China, and five crucial influencing factors (i.e., man, machine, material, method, and environment) are obtained using the importanceperformance analysis (IPA) to quantitatively evaluate a case project. The following are the findings of the IPA: (1) The premise of effective vulnerability reduction is establishing five crucial influencing factors in strict accordance with the specifications and construction environmental conditions. (2) Improving emergency support capabilities should be focused on to improve adaptability. (3) Taking only security measures required by the policy cannot effectively minimize the vulnerability, the design, monitoring plan, and management measures of the construction organization should be formulated in strict accordance with the specific construction situation. Finally, corresponding solutions are proposed in accordance with typical accident cases as well as metro construction codes and standards to offer suggestions for future shield tunneling safety control.