盾构渣土因含有大量难以降解的化学泡沫剂逐步成为一种新型固体废弃物。为解决含泡沫剂的盾构渣土排放后容易造成生态环境破坏的问题，从盾构泡沫剂的原材料出发，优选来自天然动植物的原材料以及植物基改性原材料，通过正交试验方法进行配方优化，研制出一种生态友好型盾构泡沫剂（HS-Ⅰ型）。结合盾构施工现场渣土清运时对周边生态环境的影响，提出盾构泡沫剂的生态友好性能测试方法与参考评价指标，并根据所提出的方法进行HS-Ⅰ型盾构泡沫剂和传统化学泡沫剂的斑马鱼试验、室外试验田试验对比研究。结果表明，HS-Ⅰ型盾构泡沫剂对斑马鱼致死率仅为市场上传统化学泡沫剂的1/10~1/5，HS-Ⅰ型盾构泡沫剂对植物生长影响远低于传统化学泡沫剂。

Shield muck has gradually become a new type of solid waste because of large volume of chemical foam agents that are difficult to degrade from the perspective of ecological environment, the natural animals and plants and plantbased modified raw materials are chosen, and an ecofriendly shield foam agent (HSI type) is developed by orthogonal experimental methods. Furthermore, an ecofriendly performance test method and reference evaluation index of shield foam are proposed based on the impact of the removal and transportation of muck at the shield construction site on the surrounding ecological environment. According to the proposed method, a comparative experimental study of zebrafish toxicity and outdoor experimental fields of HSI shield foam and traditional chemical foam is conducted. The results show that the lethality rate of HSI shield foam agent to zebrafish is only onetenth to onefifth of the traditional chemical foam agent, and the effect of HSI shield foam on plant growth is much lower than that of traditional chemical foam.