为研究不同水文地质条件下能源隧道的长期换热性能，对年周期、日周期以及年周期与日周期叠加3种换热方案下，能源隧道周围地层的温度变化情况进行了数值模拟分析。数值模型中考虑了地层、衬砌及空气的温度场以及地下水渗流及空气流动。为方便计算，将换热管等效为面热源，通过调节其换热效率模拟能源隧道的不同运行方案。计算结果表明： 1）地下水渗流速度越大，地层的热补给能力越高，地层温度受能源隧道的影响范围也越大； 2）无论是年周期还是日周期运行方案，地下水渗流速度越大，隧道周围的温度场越快达到稳定状态； 3）与年周期换热方案相比，日周期换热方案虽然不能有效提升地层的热补给能力，但是可以显著减小能源隧道对地层温度的影响范围； 4）可通过优化制冷或采热的功率及持续时间，使1个年周期后能源隧道周围地层温度恢复至初始状态，从而提高能源隧道的运行效率，降低能源隧道对地层环境的影响。

In order to study the longterm heat recharge performance of energy tunnel under different hydrogeological conditions, the temperature fields of the surrounding strata of energy tunnel under three heat exchange schemes of annual cycle, daily cycle, and superposition of annual and daily cycles are simulated by finite element method. In the numerical model, the temperature fields of strata, lining and air, as well as underground water seepage and air flow are considered. For simplicity, the heat exchanger is equivalent to a surface heat source, and the different operation schemes of energy tunnel are simulated by adjusting the heat exchange power.  The calculation results show that: (1) The larger the underground water seepage velocity, the higher the thermal replenishment capacity of the strata, and the larger the range of temperature affected by the energy tunnel; (2) Under the annual cycle and daily cycle operation schemes, the larger the underground water seepage velocity, the faster the temperature field around the tunnel reaches a stable state; (3) When compared with the annual cycle heat exchange scheme, the daily cycle heat exchange scheme can significantly reduce the temperature variation range of the formation, although it cannot effectively improve the thermal recharge capacity of the formation; (4) By optimizing the cooling or heating power and duration, the temperature of the surrounding strata of the energy tunnel can be restored to initial state after one year cycle, thus improving the operation efficiency of energy tunnel and reducing the impact of energy tunnel on the strata environment.