隧道病害对隧道正常运营造成了安全隐患，虽然当前已开展隧道病害检测相关研究，但是仍然存在图像采集质量差、检测速度慢、定位不准确等技术瓶颈。为解决上述问题，设计隧道检测车表观检测系统。该系统包括机器视觉、高精度定位、智能同步控制3个子系统，具备铁路隧道与公路隧道病害检测能力。根据铁路隧道和公路隧道的理论断面尺寸，对面阵相机图像采集系统进行设计，包括相机的选型和多个相机在3D空间中的布局等。现场测试结果表明，采用该设计方案，能够发现宽度0.2 mm的病害，为隧道养护提供科学依据和合理建议。

 Tunnel diseases may bring safe dangers to the normal operation of the tunnel. In present research, the disease detection still has many disadvantages, such as low quality of image, low detection speed, and inaccurate positioning. Accordingly, a tunnel appearance detection system of detection vehicle is designed and developed. The system includes three subsystems: machine vision, high precision positioning, and intelligent synchronous control systems. The system can be both applied in disease detection in railway and highway tunnels. Considering the different theoretical crosssection size of railway and highway tunnels, different planar array camera image acquisition systems are designed. The experiment results show that the scheme proposed can identify the tunnel disease with a minimum width of 0.2 mm, thus providing scientific basis and reasonable guidance for tunnel maintenance.