针对电动新能源出渣装备在高海拔交通隧道工程建设应用中续航能力不足、购置成本高、配套设备设施及安全保障措施尚不完善等问题，通过对电动出渣装备应用情况进行跟踪分析，结合高海拔交通隧道施工场景需求和技术发展趋势，提出基于换电技术的“车电分离”模式是解决上述难题最有效的技术路线。该技术路线的实施需要以换电型装备研制、动力电池系统标准化、配套移动式快速换电装备研发及能源保障基础设施建设为基础。而在“车电分离”模式所需技术、装备尚不完备的情况下，针对现有充电型电动出渣装备，还应开展小型化移动式补电设备研发以及电缆供电工艺工法研究，同时积极探索装备租赁、劳务分包等多种商业模式，加快推动电动出渣装备的工程化应用。

When the new energy mucking equipment is applied in construction of highaltitude transportation projects, many problems encounter, such as poor endurance, high purchase cost, and incomplete supporting equipment, facilities and security. Therefore, the application status of electric mucking equipment is introduced, and an effective technical route that can address the problems mentioned above, vehicle electricity separation mode based on battery swapping technology, is proposed to cope with the application scenario requirements and technology development trends. The implementation of this technical route should be based on the development of power exchange equipment, the standardization of power battery system, the development of rapid battery swapping equipment, and the construction of energy security infrastructure. It is also necessary to conducted research and development of miniaturized mobile charging equipment and cable power supply technology. At the same time, various business models such as equipment leasing and labor subcontracting should be actively explored to accelerate the engineering application of electric mucking equipment.