水平定向钻进模型试验装置可为探究钻进参数与岩石物理力学参数之间的定量关系提供良好的试验平台。针对水平定向钻技术在隧道地质勘察的应用，自主研发一种可用于研究水平定向钻钻进参数与岩石强度相关性的模型试验装置。该模型试验装置包含钻进压力动力系统、旋转动力系统和参数测量系统。其中，钻进压力动力系统和旋转动力系统分别由液动螺杆马达和液压油缸驱动，可采集位移、钻进压力、钻头的转速和转矩、系统水压力和水流量等参数。采用6块强度等级为M15的砂浆试块测试该试验系统的可行性，得出结果： 1)水平定向钻的钻进速度与钻头的转矩随着钻进压力的增大而不断增大; 2)泥浆系统循环压力和钻头转矩呈正比例变化关系，泥浆系统循环流量和钻头的转速呈正相关变化关系; 3)该试验装置能够在保持水平定向钻工作特性的前提下研究钻进参数与岩石强度之间的定量关系。
Horizontal directional drilling model test apparatus
can provide a feasible test platform for exploring the quantitative
relationship between drilling and rock physicomechanical
parameters. In this research, a model test device that can investigate the
correlation between horizontal directional drilling parameters and rock
strength is independently developed to observe the application of horizontal
directional drilling technology in tunnel geological investigations. The device
includes drilling pressure power, rotary power, and parameter measurement
systems. The drilling pressure power and rotation power systems are driven by
positive displacement motors and hydraulic cylinders, respectively, which can
measure displacement, drilling pressure, rotational speed, torque, system water
pressure, and water flow rate. The feasibility of the test system is tested
using six mortar test blocks with a strength grade of M15, and the following
results are obtained. (1) The drilling speed of horizontal directional drilling
and the reaction torque of the bit increase with increasing drilling pressure.
(2) A positive proportional change relationship exists between the mud system circulation
pressure and the reaction torque of the bit, as well as between the mud system
circulation flow and the rotational speed of the bit. (3) The quantitative
relationship between drilling parameters and rock strength can be studied using
the test device while preserving the working characteristics of horizontal
directional drilling.
