为解决公路长大隧道中应急逃生及避险区域的安全诱导性和辨识度不佳，从而增加交通安全风险、影响逃生效率等问题，在隧道侧壁亮化涂装的基础上，提出一种加强紧急避险区域安全警示诱导的新型壁面标技术，并计算得到满足动态行车条件下驾驶员视觉辨识性的壁面标设计参数。在羊鹿山隧道的人行横通道和紧急停车带进行壁面标现场应用，并选择10名驾驶员进行实车试验，利用眼动仪获取驾驶员注视指标数据，基于注视熵和注视转移特性来评估壁面标的作用效果。结果表明，在应用了壁面标的隧道中行驶时： 1）驾驶员的注视点分布范围更广，对各区域的注意力分配更平均，行车安全性更高； 2）驾驶员对道路远处和侧壁区域的关注程度更高，诱导警示效果较好，有助于提升紧急逃生效率。

Currently, safety inducement and identification of emergency escape and escape area in highway long tunnel are poor, which increases traffic safety risk and affects escape efficiency. The tunnel sidewall is lightly coated, and a new wall marking technology to strengthen safety warning induction of emergency escape area is proposed. The design parameters of wall markings satisfying the visual recognition of drivers under dynamic driving conditions are obtained. The field application of wall markers is implemented in pedestrian crossing and emergency parking belt of the Yanglushan tunnel, and ten drivers are selected for real vehicle test. The driver′s gaze index data are obtained by using eye tracking instrument, and the effect of wall markers is evaluated based on the entropy of gaze and the characteristics of gaze transfer. The results show that when driving in the tunnel with wall markings: (1) The driver has a wider distribution of fixation points, a more average distribution of attention to each area, and a higher driving safety. (2) The driver pays more attention to the far and sidewall areas of the road, and the induction warning effect is better, which helps to improve the emergency escape efficiency.