为推演钻爆法隧道施工数字孪生的应用在成本、效率、质量、安全4方面的投入与效益，分析复杂因素及相互依赖关系，提出一种DEMATEL（决策试行与评价实验室）方法和系统动力学结合的方法，对各方面指标的依赖关系进行解构与建模。首先，确定17个系统动力学模型行为指标与绩效评价指标； 其次，采用DEMATEL方法定量分析指标之间的依赖关系和传递作用，并基于综合关系矩阵构建系统动力学模型复因果循环图（causal loop diagram, CLD），以降低系统动力学模型构建的主观性； 最后，基于CLD以及云南某隧道实际数据，构建考虑多因素的隧道施工数字孪生效益分析系统动力学模型。结果表明： 当机械成本小于7%洞身工程总造价时，施工效率显著下降，传感器与机械投入近似线性提高各项绩效，而信息化投入超过0.9%总造价后存在边界效应。

To estimate the investment and benefits of the application of digital twins in the four aspects of cost, efficiency, quality, and safety, and analyze the complex factors and interdependence, a method combining DEMATEL(decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory) method and system dynamics is proposed to deconstruct and model the dependency relationship of various indices. First, 17 behavioral indices and performance evaluation indices of system dynamics model are determined. Second, DEMATEL method is used to quantitatively analyze the dependencies and transfer effects among indices, and the causal loop diagram(CLD) of the system dynamics model is constructed based on the comprehensive relationship matrix to reduce the subjectivity of the system dynamics model construction. Finally, based on CLD and the actual data of a tunnel in Yunnan, China, a multi-factor dynamic model of the construction digital twin benefit analysis system is constructed. The results show that when the mechanical cost is less than 7% of the total construction cost, the construction efficiency decreases significantly, and the sensor and mechanical input improve the performance approximately linearly, while there is a boundary effect when the information input exceeds 0.9% of the total cost.