为解决传统抽水蓄能电站大倾角引水斜井施工安全风险高、环境影响大、施工效率低的问题，提出采用大倾角全断面斜井TBM掘进。首先，针对洛宁抽水蓄能电站工程和地质特点，论证采用全断面斜井TBM施工的技术优势，完成洛宁抽水蓄能电站全断面斜井TBM选型； 其次，提出国产首台大倾角全断面斜井TBM关键技术，包括安全防溜及换步工艺、出渣及异常情况处理、整机物料运输、不良地质处理等多项关键技术；
最后，通过实施上述技术，完成洛宁抽水蓄能电站斜井TBM设计制造及应用。实践证明： 1）在抽水蓄能电站引水斜井采用全断面斜井TBM施工切实可行，且具有环境破坏小、绿色低碳等优点； 2）采用敞开式主机并配置双重防溜撑靴适用于大倾角施工，具有安全系数高的特点； 3）从斜井底部到TBM设备尾部采用液压绞车运输，TBM设备尾部至TBM前部采用单轨吊机运输，可满足高频次人员、物料的运输要求。
The construction of water-diversion inclined shafts with large slopes in pumped storage power
stations using conventional methods presents numerous challenges, including
high safety risks, significant environmental impacts, and low construction
efficiency. To address these issues, a full-face tunnel
boring machine(TBM) has been specifically designed and developed. Initially,
the application of a full-face inclined shaft TBM is
justified based on the project and geological characteristics of the Luoning
pumped storage power station, leading to the selection of an appropriate TBM
type. Subsequently, the authors introduce the critical technologies of the
first Chinese full-face inclined shaft TBM designed for
steep inclines. These technologies encompass anti-back-slip mechanisms, machine stepping, mucking, logistics, handling of
abnormal situations, material transportation, and management of complex
geological conditions. The implementation of these technologies in the
construction and operation of the inclined shaft TBM at the Luoning pumped
storage power station yields significant outcomes: (1) The full-face inclined shaft TBM is suitable for constructing pumped storage
power stations, demonstrating minimal environmental impact and low carbon
emissions. (2) The open-type main machine, equipped
with double anti-back-slip
grippers, fulfills the requirements for constructing at steep inclines while
ensuring high safety levels. (3) The strategic placement of hydraulic winches
in the assembly chamber and the installation of return rope wheels at the TBM′s tail facilitate the frequent transportation of personnel and
materials.
