为揭示自然风流对寒区隧道洞内温度场的影响，以川西高海拔公路隧道为工程依托，基于现场调研、实地测试和数值模拟，分析洞内风流对未贯通隧道和已贯通运营隧道温度场的影响。研究表明： 1）施工过程中，机械通风对施工期隧道洞内温度场的影响较大，加大了洞外冷空气对洞内温度场的影响，使得洞内负温段有所延长; 2）单向风流作用下，贯通隧道洞内温度场具有进风口端温度低、出风口端温度偏高的特征，纵向温度场具有非对称性特征; 3）对于寒区特长运营隧道，在洞内无风或有微弱风流的情况下，外界冷空气很难影响到洞内温度场; 4）洞内存在双向交替风流时，贯通隧道洞内温度一般呈现出洞口低、中间区域高的特征，纵向温度场呈现抛物线形的特征。
The distribution
characteristics of the temperature fields in extra-long tunnels in cold regions are closely related to natural wind
speed. A case study is conducted on a highway tunnel in western Sichuan in a
high-altitude area, and on-site
investigations, evaluations, and numerical simulations are used to examine the
influence of wind flow on the temperature fields of tunnels under construction
and penetrated and operating tunnels. The findings are as follows: (1) During
tunnel construction, mechanical ventilation significantly impacts the
temperature field in the tunnel, increasing the influence of cold air outside
the tunnel on the temperature field inside and extending the negative
temperature length in the tunnel. (2) Under unidirectional airflow, the
temperature field in the operating tunnel is low at the tunnel inlet end and
high at the outlet end. The longitudinal temperature field presents asymmetric
characteristics. (3) For long operating tunnels in cold regions, the cold wind
outside the tunnel does not affect the temperature field in the tunnel when
there is no wind or a gentle breeze. (4) When there is alternating airflow at
the tunnel entrance, the temperature in the penetrated tunnel is generally low
at the entrance and high in the middle area, and the longitudinal temperature
field frequently presents a parabolic shape.
