传统照明技术在提升隧道光环境质量方面还不够合理，需进一步改善人-车-隧道光环境耦合作用下的照明理论和技术。为解决隧道运营中存在的隧道照明负荷与生物感知效果非对等特征这一问题，提出隧道光环境等效照明理论构建思路，通过模拟试验、实车试验和理论计算开展基于照明灯具和侧壁材料合理匹配的等效照明理论论证研究，最后总结提出生物感知效果提升和照明负荷下降的等效照明理论“一升一降”研究框架。结果表明： 1）物理量参数(如侧壁材料反射系数与灯具布设)的合理匹配最多可提升入口段和中间段25%和21%的路面照度、9%和15%的总均匀度，节约33%的灯具数量。2）物理量参数(如光谱、色温)的合理选择最多可降低驾驶者7%的反应时间、提升26.2%的小目标可见度。3）物理量参数(如不同侧壁材料类型)的改变可使驾驶者的心率、呼吸频率、注视时间、扫视幅度和瞳孔面积降低，脑电功率上升，变化幅度更平稳。4）进一步研究不同物理量指标对驾驶者信息感知的等效作用机理可有效降低隧道照明负荷、提升生物感知效果。
The traditional lighting
technology is insufficient for improving the quality of tunnel light
environments; hence, it is necessary to further improve the lighting theory and
technology based on the coupling effect of the driver-vehicle-tunnel lighting environment. To
solve the critical scientific problem of the nonequivalent characteristics of
the tunnel lighting load and the biological perception effect during tunnel
operation, the authors propose a construction concept of equivalent lighting
for tunnel lighting environments. Subsequently, from the perspective of
reasonable matching of lighting luminaires and sidewall materials, the
equivalent lighting theory is demonstrated through simulation experiments, real
vehicle experiments, and theoretical calculations. Finally, the theoretical
research framework of equivalent lighting for improving the biological
perception effect and reducing the lighting environment load (one increases and
the other decreases) is summarized. The results show the following: (1) Reasonable
matching of physical parameters (e.g., reflection of sidewall materials and
layout of the luminaire) can maximize road surface illumination by 25% and 21%
and the total uniformity by 9% and 15% in the threshold and middle zones,
respectively, and thus, can reduce the 〖HJ1.5mm〗number of luminaires by 33%. (2) Proper choice of physical
parameters (such as spectrum and color temperature) can reduce the reaction
time of the driver by up to 6% and improve the visibility of small targets by
26.2%. (3) Changes in physical parameters (such as different types of sidewall
materials) can reduce the driver′s heart rate,
breathing rate, fixation time, saccade range, and pupil area, while increasing
the electroencephalographic power; further, the change range is smoother. (4)
By further studying the equivalent action mechanism of different physical
indicators on driver information perception, the tunnel lighting load can be
effectively reduced, and the biological perception effect can be improved.
