为研究盾构隧道多阶段注浆过程，研发填充-渗透多阶段注浆试验装置，开展一维浆液填充-渗透扩散试验，并基于体积平均法将微观多孔介质孔隙边界效应简化为阻力项，构建宏观耦合注浆填充和渗透过程的浆液扩散模型；利用COMSOL有限元平台实现方程的求解以及浆液扩散情况的可视化，结合室内试验以及实例分析验证模型的适用性，最后建立同步注浆模型，通过控制变量分析不同工况对浆液最终扩散的影响。研究结果表明： 1)本文提出的模型可以较好地反映浆液的填充-渗透过程，试验与模型误差控制在5%以内； 2)注浆孔数量的增加会减少注浆所需时间，但会增加盾尾空隙内最大压力以及空隙上下部压力差，同时浆液的选取对注浆过程有极大的影响。
Synchronized grouting in
shield tunnels is a multistage grouting process involving void filling and soil
infiltration. To investigate this process, the authors developed a filling-permeation multistage grouting test device to conduct a one-dimensional slurry filling-permeation-diffusion test. Using the volume averaging method, the pore boundary
effect of the microscopic porous medium is simplified as a resistance term, and
a macroscopically coupled slurry diffusion model for the grout filling-permeation-diffusion process is constructed.
In addition, the COMSOL finite element platform is employed for equation
computation and slurry diffusion visualization, with the model′s applicability validated through indoor tests and case analyses.
Finally, a synchronous grouting model is established to analyze the influence
of different working conditions on final slurry diffusion by controlling
variables. The research findings are as follows: (1) The error between the test
results and the model is within 5%, demonstrating that the proposed model
effectively represents the slurry′s filling-permeation process. (2) Increasing the number of grouting holes
reduces grouting time but raises the maximum pressure in the void at the shield
tail and the pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the void.
(3) The properties of slurry materials significantly influence the grouting
process.
