为解决软弱围岩隧道树脂锚杆施工工艺复杂、工效低的问题，在分析传统树脂锚杆局限性的基础上，针对性提出2种内置树脂预应力中空锚杆技术方案； 采用工作原理分析、结构设计以及现场试验等方法，对其在软弱围岩中的适用性进行研究。研究结果表明： 1）针对一般破碎围岩工况的内置树脂预应力中空锚杆安装合格率为81.9%，高于传统树脂锚杆的50%合格率； 2）内置树脂预应力中空锚杆杆长为3 m和4 m的净作业时间分别为4.62
min和5.55 min； 3）考虑台车进场准备时间等因素，内置树脂预应力中空锚杆杆长为3 m和4 m的综合作业时间分别有望控制在6.0~6.5 min和7.0~7.5 min； 4）针对极破碎围岩以及预应力长锚杆工况的自进式内置树脂预应力中空锚杆能够实现“自进+预紧”的功能，对围岩进行及时支护，同时施工工效与普通自进式锚杆相当。
The construction of resin
anchor bolts in soft surrounding rock tunnels is complex and inefficient. To
address the limitations of traditional resin bolts, two technical schemes
involving prestressed hollow bolts with built-in resin are proposed. Their applicability in soft surrounding rocks
is examined via working principle analysis, structural design, and field
testing. The results reveal the following: (1) Under normal broken surrounding
rock conditions, the installation qualification rate of prestressed hollow
bolts with built-in resin is 81.9%, significantly
higher than that of traditional resin bolts (50%); (2) The net operation times
for 3 m and 4 m prestressed hollow bolts with built-in
resin are 4.62 min and 5.55 min, respectively; (3) Considering the preparation
time for the trolley, the total operation time is controlled within 6－6.5 min and 7－7.5 min, respectively; (4) The
self-drilling prestressed hollow bolt with built-in resin achieves self-drilling and
pretightening for severely broken surrounding rocks through long prestressed
bolts, enabling timely support of the surrounding rock. The construction
efficiency of this type of bolt is comparable to that of traditional bolts.
