为研究地铁车站协同排烟系统在列车越站时能否有效控制烟气扩散，以武汉某地铁站为研究对象，基于车站排热风机协同站台大系统风机的排烟方案，首先通过现场试验测试有无列车越站运行时站台各通道口的风速，分析列车越站工况下流场的变化特征；然后，利用测试结果对车站全尺寸的数值计算方法进行验证，并计算站台行李火灾工况下站台内能见度、CO体积分数、温度等指标，分析列车越站工况下站台烟气的控制效果。测试结果表明： 1）无列车运行工况下，楼扶梯口处向下风速为1.8~3.5 m/s； 2）列车以40
km/h越站运行时，楼扶梯口处向下风速经历下降—升高—下降3阶段变化，并低至约0.5 m/s； 3）列车越站显著影响楼扶梯口处的风速，且向下气流速度变化时间与列车运行的时间密切相关。烟气模拟结果表明： 1）无列车运行工况下，站台内烟气控制效果良好； 2）列车以40 km/h越站运行时，协同排烟系统整体表现良好，能够有效控制烟气扩散，仅有近火源处L5楼扶梯口局部位置（约占站台面积的10%）CO体积分数、能见度和温度等指标不满足要求。
The author conducts a case
study considers a metro station in Wuhan, China, where a smoke exhaust system
that integrates rail top fans and large system fans is utilized. The aim is to
investigate the changing characteristics of the flow field during train overrun
conditions through on-site
tests conducted as trains pass over the station. The test results are used to
validate the numerical calculation method for the full-size
station, where the visibility, CO concentration, and temperature on the
platform in the event of a baggage fire are assessed. In addition, the
effectiveness of smoke control on the platform during train crossings is
evaluated. The results reveal the following: (1) In the absence of a train, the
downward wind speed at the escalator ranges from 1.8 to 3.5 m/s. (2) When a
train crosses the station at 40 km/h, the downward wind speed at the escalator
experiences three phases: an initial decrease, followed by an increase, and
then a final decrease, ultimately reaching approximately 0.5 m/s. (3) The train′s passage significantly affects the wind speed at the escalator,
with the timing of these changes closely linked to the train′s travel time. The smoke simulation results demonstrate that: (1) In
the absence of a train, the smoke control measures are effective. (2) When a
train crosses the station at 40 km/h, the collaborative smoke exhaust system
performs well, effectively limiting the spread of smoke. However, localized
areas near the L5 escalator, which is close to the fire source and constitutes
approximately 10% of the platform area, show elevated levels of CO
concentration, reduced visibility, and abnormal temperature readings.
