现阶段盾构区间预埋槽道大多采用整环设置的方式预埋槽道，能够保证施工稳定和便捷，但会造成大量空置和成本浪费。为优化盾构管片预埋槽道用量、降低工程造价，引入BIM技术，提出基于槽道优化的盾构隧道排版改进算法，在精简预埋槽道用量的同时精准预测和模拟盾构隧道管片排版。以BIM为支撑平台，根据工程实际特点提出基于接触网环和底部轨行区单槽道的优化方案。首先，考虑接触网排布规律，对顶部双槽预埋环进行优化，单环排版采用最小拟合误差法计算最优点位；
其次，结合底部轨行区可取消预埋槽道的特性，对单槽环进行优化，确定管片排版规律及点位筛选规则，以优化排版算法； 最后，基于以上算法设计原型系统，实现对设计区间线路盾构隧道的三维自动化排版和分析报告输出，并结合具体工程案例进行方法验证，输出结果能够指导管片生产及盾构现场施工排版。应用结果表明，所提方法可以实现管片预埋槽道14.59%优化率，并基于BIM技术生成三维可视化管片及预埋槽道模型，实现优化方案可视化的复核校审机制。
Currently, most embedded
channels in shield tunnel sections are calibrated in a full-ring configuration, thereby ensuring construction stability and
convenience. However, this approach may result in excessive vacancies and
increased costs. Thus, to reduce the number of embedded channels in shield
tunnel segments and minimize project costs, the authors introduce building
information modeling (BIM) technology and propose an improved algorithm for a
shield tunnel segment layout based on channel optimization. Using BIM as a support platform, an optimization scheme is developed
based on the contact network ring and a single channel in the bottom track
area, tailored to the project′s actual characteristics.
First, considering the contact network layout pattern, the double-channel embedded ring at the top is optimized. Second, the single-ring layout is refined using the minimum fitting error method to
determine the optimal position.Third, the single-channel ring is optimized for the bottom track area by establishing
rules for segment layout and point selection. This further enhances the layout
algorithm. Finally, based on these algorithms, a prototype system is designed
to enable the three-dimensional automatic layout of the
shield tunnel within the designed interval line and generate an analytical
report. This method is applied to specific engineering cases where the output
results guide segment production and on-site layout.
The application results demonstrate that this method achieves a 14.59%
optimization rate for embedded channels in tunnel segments. Moreover, the BIM-based approach generates a three-dimensional visual model of the segments
and embedded channels, thereby
facilitating a visual review and verification mechanism for the optimization
scheme.
