为系统分析隧道工程可行性研究、设计、施工、竣工验收和运营期等各阶段采用的物探方法的优缺点与适用性，介绍隧道工程全生命周期中的物探方法，并对物探技术在城市轨道交通盾构法隧道可行性研究和设计阶段、市域（郊）铁路矿山法隧道施工阶段、引水隧洞竣工验收和运营阶段的应用效果进行分析。应用结果表明： 1）过江隧道可行性研究阶段，以浅地层剖面和浅层地震反射波法为主的综合物探方法取得一定的勘察成效，为拟建隧道提供工程地质依据； 2）隧道设计阶段，微动和高密度电法相结合的综合物探技术，辅以少量地质钻孔，适用于查明隧道埋深30 m以内沿线基岩面埋深及起伏形态、断层破碎带位置及发育方向； 3）隧道施工期超前地质预报中，地质雷达法对隧道掌子面前方富水软弱夹层的预测具有较高的准确率； 4）隧道竣工验收和运营阶段，地质雷达法对混凝土衬砌段衬砌检测、冲击回波法对钢管衬砌段衬砌检测、超声回弹综合法对混凝土强度检测具有较好的应用效果。

The authors introduce the geophysical prospecting techniques used in the entire life cycle of tunnel engineering, and analyze the application effects of geophysical prospecting techniques in the feasibility study stage and design stage of shield tunnels in urban rail transit, the construction stage of mining tunnel in regional railway, the completion acceptance stage and the operation stage of diversion tunnels, so as to systematically analyze the merits and defects and applicability of geophysical prospecting techniques used in each stage of tunnel engineering. The application results reveal the following: (1) In the feasibility study stage of river-crossing tunnel, sub-bottom profile and shallow reflection seismic method achieve good prospecting results, providing engineering geological basis for proposed tunnels. (2) In the tunnel design stage, the integrated geophysical prospecting technology combining microtremor survey method and high-density resistivity method, supplemented by a few geological drilling holes, can identify the depth and undulation patterns of bedrock surfaces, as well as the location and development direction of the fault fracture zone along the tunnel with the burial depth within 30 m. (3) In the advance geological prediction stage during tunnel construction, the ground penetrating radar method is highly accurate in predicting the water-rich and weak interlayers in front of the tunnel face. (4) Some geophysical prospecting techniques have good application effects in tunnel completion acceptance and operation stage, like the ground penetrating radar method for concrete lining detection, the impact echo method for steel lining detection, and the ultrasonic-rebound combined method for concrete strength detection.